a aa i ii u uu
r^ r^^ l^ l^^
e E ai o O au
ka kha ga gha nga
cha chha ja jha nja
Ta Tha Da Dha Na
tha thha da dha na
pa pha ba bha ma
ya ra la va
Sa sha sa ha
La zha rra ta
visargam H
praSLEsham (avagraha) $
samvr^thOkaaram ~
(viraama or chandrakkala)
<date>th n^ (eg: 17-n^)
zero-width-symbol _
zero-width-character @
dollar \$
tilde \~
at \@
underscore \_
backslash \\
caret \^
Symbols undefined; but found in old Malayalam texts: 1/2, 3/4
Rule: For a Capitalised sequence (say X), if there exists a double ligature form (ie, xx) for its the corresponding lower-case sequence (ie, x), then X is considered to be equivalent to that double (ie, X = xx). Otherwise capitalised sequence is equivalent to the lower-case sequence. (ie, X = x). If a meaning is already assigned to a capitalised sequence, then above rule is not applied. eg: Since `H' is visargam symbol; `H' is not equivalent to `h'. Similarly, `D' is not equivalent to `dd'.
H = \:
aa = A
ii = ie = ei = ee = ea = I
uu = oo = U
r^ = rr^ = R^
r^^ = rr^^ = R^^
l^ = L^
l^^ = L^^
au = ou
k = q = c
kk = K = qq = Q = cc = C
kh = KH
gg = G
gh = GH
ngng = NG
chch = CH
chh = CHH
jj = J
jh = JH
njnj = NJ
thth = TH
dh = DH
pp = P
ph = PH = f = F
bb = B
bh = BH
mm = M
yy = Y
v = w
vv = V = W
sh = SH
s = z
ss = Z
zh = ZH
t = tt = RR
rr = R
ksh = x = X
njnj = nnj
njch = nch
NT = Nd = Nt
ngng = nng
ngk = nk
kk = ck
thth = tth
chch = cch